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| Montenegro |
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The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro started the process of Accession to the European Union in November 2005, when negotiations over a Stabilisation and Association Agreement began. In May 2006, Montenegro voted for independence in a referendum and the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro was dissolved. Serbia continued with the existing negotiations, and separate negotiations were launched with Montenegro in September 2006.[1][2] The Agreement was initialled on 15 March 2007 and officially signed on 15 October 2007.
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Montenegro officially applied to join the EU on 15 December 2008.[3] On 23 April 2009, the Council invited the European Commission to submit its opinion on the application. The Commission presented Montenegro with a questionnaire to assess its application on 22 July 2009.[4] On 9 December 2009, Montenegro delivered its answers to the EC questionnaire.[5] On 1 May 2010, the Stabilization and Association Agreement (SAA) between Montenegro and the European Union came into force, after all the 27 member-states of EU had ratified the SAA.[6][7] The European Commission on 9 November 2010 recommended Montenegro as candidate country. This candidate status was officially granted on 17 December 2010.[8]
Montenegro is experiencing ecological, judicial and crime-related problems that may hinder its bid.[9] Montenegro signed an agreement with the Bulgarian government in December 2007 in which Bulgaria will assist Montenegro with its Euro-Atlantic and EU integration for the following three years.[10]
On July 27, 2010, the Montenegrin Parliament passed a non-discrimination law that includes sexual orientation and gender identity as prohibited grounds of discrimination. This was one of the requirements the country had to meet for EU membership.[11]
Montenegro unilaterally adopted the German mark as its state currency in November 1999, and unilaterally switched to the euro when it was launched in 2002.
Montenegro's population is overwhelmingly for joining the EU, 76.2% being in favor according to polling and only 9.8% against.[12]
| Acquis chapter | EC Assessment At Start | Screening Started | Screening Completed | Chapter Opened | Chapter Closed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Free Movement of Goods | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 2. Freedom of Movement For Workers | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 3. Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 4. Free Movement of Capital | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 5. Public Procurement | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 6. Company Law | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 7. Intellectual Property Law | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 8. Competition Policy | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 9. Financial Services | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 10. Information Society & Media | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 11. Agriculture & Rural Development | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 12. Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 13. Fisheries | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 14. Transport Policy | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 15. Energy | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 16. Taxation | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 17. Economic & Monetary Policy | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 18. Statistics | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 19. Social Policy & Employment | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 20. Enterprise & Industrial Policy | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 21. Trans-European Networks | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 22. Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 23. Judiciary & Fundamental Rights | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 24. Justice, Freedom & Security | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 25. Science & Research | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 26. Education & Culture | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 27. Environment | Totally incompatible with acquis | – | – | – | – |
| 28. Consumer & Health Protection | Further efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 29. Customs Union | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 30. External Relations | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 31. Foreign, Security & Defence Policy | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 32. Financial Control | Considerable efforts needed | – | – | – | – |
| 33. Financial & Budgetary Provisions | No major difficulties expected | – | – | – | – |
| 34. Institutions | Nothing to adopt | – | – | – | – |
| 35. Other Issues | Nothing to adopt | – | – | – | – |
| Progress | 0 out of 33 | 0 out of 33 | 0 out of 35 | 0 out of 35 |
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 15 October 2007 | Montenegro signs the Stabilisation and Association Agreement. |
| 15 December 2008 | Formal application for membership submitted. |
| 12 April 2010 | Montenegro submits answers to the Commission's Questionnaire. |
| 9 November 2010 | European Commission replies to the answers of the Questionnaire with a positive opinion (Avis).. |
| 17 December 2010 | Montenegro receives official candidate status. |
| 12 October 2011 | Commission recommends starting of negotiations.[13] |
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